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Slip resistance break down

Why Slip Resistance Matters

Slip resistance is a critical safety factor in tile selection, especially in areas exposed to water, oils, or other contaminants. Slips and falls are a leading cause of injuries in homes, workplaces, and public spaces. Choosing tiles with the correct slip resistance rating reduces risk and ensures compliance with building codes and regulations in Australia.

Relevant Australian Standards

AS 4586:2013 – Slip Resistance Classification of New Pedestrian Surface Materials

This standard outlines the testing methods and slip resistance classifications for new tiles. It specifies different test methods for dry, wet, and oil-wet conditions.

AS 4663:2013 – Slip Resistance Measurement of Existing Pedestrian Surfaces

This standard applies to surfaces already installed. It measures actual in-situ slip resistance performance rather than lab-based classification.

HB 198:2014 – An Introductory Guide to the Slip Resistance of Pedestrian Surface Materials

A handbook providing guidance on appropriate slip resistance ratings for different building applications, such as bathrooms, kitchens, stairs, shopping centres, and outdoor areas.

Slip Resistance Testing Methods

The following tests are referenced in AS 4586:2013:

Wet-Barefoot Inclining Platform Test (AS 4586 Appendix C):
Used for pool surrounds, showers, and other barefoot areas. Classified as A, B, or C (with C being the highest resistance).

Wet Pendulum Test (AS 4586 Appendix A):
Simulates a heel striking a wet surface. Produces a Slip Resistance Value (SRV) classified as P0–P5.

Dry Floor Friction Test (AS 4586 Appendix B):
Measures friction on a dry tile. Classified by the coefficient of friction (≥0.40 considered acceptable).

Oil-Wet Inclining Platform Test (AS 4586 Appendix D):
Tiles are tested on an inclined platform with oil, suitable for industrial or commercial kitchens. Results given as R9–R13.

Slip Resistance Classifications

The following tests are referenced in AS 4586:2013:

Pendulum Test (P-Ratings)

  • P0–P1: Very low resistance, not recommended for wet areas.
  • P2–P3: Suitable for dry indoor areas, residential bathrooms (low risk).
  • P4–P5: High slip resistance, suitable for commercial kitchens, shopping centres, and outdoor public areas.

Oil-Wet Ramp (R-Ratings)

  • R9: Low resistance (minimal slip resistance).
  • R10–R11: Moderate resistance, often used in residential kitchens and general commercial spaces.
  • R12–R13: High resistance, suitable for industrial kitchens, ramps, loading docks.

Wet-Barefoot Areas (A–C)

A: Low resistance, limited to dry change rooms.

B: Moderate resistance, suitable for pool surrounds.

C: High resistance, for ramps into swimming pools and wet barefoot areas.

Maintaining Slip Resistance

Even compliant tiles can become slippery if not maintained. Factors include:

Sealers & Polishes: Some coatings may reduce friction; always verify compatibility.

Cleaning Products: Use appropriate detergents that don’t leave slippery residues.

Wear & Tear: Surface finishes may degrade over time, reducing slip resistance.

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